Juniper and Cisco Comparisons of RIB, LIB, FIB and LFIB Tables
A quick overview before we start: It starts off with the ingress packet. As a packet comes into the Label Edge Router (LER) the Layer2 frame header will be examined and forwarded to the appropriate table, based on the Ethertype field to determine what protocol in payload of the Ethernet frame. The table interactions in principle are the same between …
A No-Brainer use case for MPLS in the Enterprise for PCI Compliance
One easy peazy reason to but a financial business case to deploying MPLS in most Enterprise networks, especially research and education (R&E) or merchant site networks is for Payment Card Industry (PCI) compliance. PCI DSS v2.0 soon to be v3.0 is on of the few technological security documents that clearly states the requirements. Path Isolation is very clear for the network architect …
Basic MPLS/VPN with Cisco IOS
This is a quick tutorial for basic MPLS/VPN with Cisco IOS configuration. The tutorial exemplifies basic PE to P to PE configuration on three Cisco 7200s running in GNS3 with IOS. R2 is configured as a route reflector P node and R4, R6 and R3 are PE node route reflector clients. The IGP is OSPF with R2 as the ABR. Loopback1 …
How Headers Encapsulate in the OSI stack
How Headers Encapsulate in the OSI stack: Part 2 of some refreshers. We send application data or payload by encapsulating or framing each layer within the previous layer. We looked at each one individually and now here is how they look when each layer is wrapped inside the previous layer. Figure 1. Here is how application data gets passed to each …
How I Learned to Hate the DCI
How I Learned to Hate the DCI: Layer 2 data center interconnects (DCI) is still alive and well. I blame VMware with vMotion and now every other Hypervisor vendor on the planet. Live workload migration is certainly vital to most operations. The further up the stack that happens the more flexibility you have with choosing more layers beneath you to reach for in …
What are Ethernet, IP and TCP Headers in Wireshark Captures
If I could go back in time when I was a n00b kid wanting to go from zero to a million in networking, the one thing I would change would be spending about 6 months on the fundamentals of networking headers and framing before ever touching a single peice of vendor gear. Ethernet, IP and Transport headers (L2-L4) are the …
Why the NOS will decouple
Over the next couple of years some of us expect the networking industry to have some fairly significant changes. There are really two options: A distributed approach we have today or a controller based centralized model. We have today just that, autonomous devices building adjacencies to one another, exchanging what it hopes are the best healthy paths to send next hop traffic …
OTV configuration notes
Quick notes on OTV. I have not put this on lab gear yet so there may be typos. It does require licensing so make sure you have that budgeted, if not its a 20kish surprise which sucks. #enable the feature</br> feature otv</br> #create site Vlan</br> vlan 200</br> name otv-overlay-vlan #The Overlay interface ID (int overlay1) must match at both sites. A …
February 2012 SDN Thoughts
I commented on a blog post earlier and I am recording my updated thoughts to review over the next few years to see how wrong I was. My initial business cases still have not changed much from 4 months ago. It has always been and will be about money. What will drive this is the ability to commoditize networking vendors and level …
OpenVswitch and GRE tunnel notes
Here is a quick post for setting up GRE tunnels on OpenVswitch. Both Vswitch boxes are attached to an OpenFlow Beacon controller. More up to date how-to can be found here: Configuring VXLan and GRE tunnels on OpenvSwitch KVM live storage migration makes an interesting story and run at VMware tools. The dreaded layer2 data center link conversation may never …
Installing Open vSwitch with KVM
This tutorial is for installing Open vSwitch with KVM in order to replace traditional hypervisor Ethernet switching using Linux bridging with Open vSwitch. I rebuilt this box becuase as fun as it was to setup OpenStack (I think) there are a million modules that would take more time to clip out rather than just rebuilding. Anyone gotten Nova integrated into …
OpenStack on Ubuntu 11.10 Installation
My notes from an OpenStack & Ubuntu 11.10. These are only my notes. Lots of errors. It was a fairly painless install. I didnt have the lab gear setup with two Nics so I got a bit kludgy at the end. I think the interesting component will be to replace the Openstack bridging with OpenVswitch. sudo apt-get install rabbitmq-server sudo …
Installing NOX OpenFlow Controller on Ubuntu 11.10
Updated UB 11.10 post here It is all pretty straight forward except for the default branch is zaku(stable) which has compilation issues. This switches the branch to destiny(unstable). $wget http://openflowswitch.org/downloads/debian/binary/nox-dependencies.deb $dpkg –info nox-dependencies.deb $cd /etc/apt/sources.list.d $sudo wget http://openflowswitch.org/downloads/debian/nox.list $sudo apt-get update $sudo apt-get install nox-dependencies $git clone git://noxrepo.org/nox $cd nox Make sure you run the destiny branch from within the …
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